ABSTRACT
@#Objective To understand the distribution and epidemic characteristics of common pathogens of pneumonia among hospitalized children in Suzhou． Methods Nasopharyngeal secretions were collected from hospitalized children with clinical pneumonia admitted to the respiratory department of Children＇s Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University from April 2011 to March 2018 to detect common viral and bacterial pathogens of children＇s pneumonia． Ｒesults The total positive rate of pathogens was 75. 6% in the 4 765 clinical pneumonia cases. The positive rate of bacterial pathogens was 57. 4%. Streptococcus pneumoniae ( SP) was the highest，followed by Haemophilus influenzae ( H. i) ; The positive rate of viral pathogens was 44. 1%. Ｒespiratory syncytial virus ( ＲSV) was the highest，followed by Bocavirus ( BoV) . The mixed infection rate of bacteria and virus was 25. 9%，and the most common types were ＲSV and SP，BoV and Streptococcus viride ( SV) ． Conclusions SP，H．i，ＲSV and BoV are the main pathogens of clinical pneumonia in children． There are statistical differences in different age groups and seasons of hospitalized children＇s pneumonia in Suzhou． The mixed infection rate of bacteria and virus is high．
ABSTRACT
The pathogenesis and therapeutic treatment of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) remain unsolved, highlighting the need for stable and effective experimental animal models. In this study, uterine electrocoagulation of twenty-one female New Zealand White rabbits was carried out to establish an IUA model. As rabbits have two completely separate uterine horns, each rabbit had its own internal control: one uterine horn was given an electrothermal injury (Group A, n=21), and the contralateral uterine horn received no treatment and served as the control (Group B, n=21). The endometrial morphology, number of endometrial glands, area of endometrial fibrosis, and number of implanted fetuses were compared between the two groups. In Group A, the numbers of endometrial glands on Days 7 and 14 and the number of implanted fetuses were significantly lower than those in Group B (P<0.05, P<0.05, and P<0.01, respectively), while the ratio of the area with endometrial stromal fibrosis to the total endometrial area was significantly increased (P<0.01). These results suggest that this method of electrothermal injury is effective for the establishment of a rabbit IUA model between 7 and 14 d after surgery.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rabbits , Disease Models, Animal , Electrocoagulation , Endometrium , Pathology , Tissue Adhesions , Pathology , Therapeutics , Uterine DiseasesABSTRACT
<p><b></b>Obsjective:To investigate the effects of differentaction time of IL-1β on the osteogenic capacity of bone marrow mensenchymal cells(BMMSC) and the role of nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMMSC isolated from normal donors was treated with IL-1β for 1 or 7 days, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red(AR) stainings were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation potential of BMMSC. The mRNA expression of EphB4, IGF-1 and OPG in BMMSC was measured by real-time PCR. The immunohistochemistry was employed to measure the expression of bone morphgenetic protein-2(BMP-2) and p-Smad1/5/8 in BMMSC. Furthermore, the Western blot was used for the detection of iκBα and phospho-iκBα (p-ikBα) in IL-1β-treated BMMSC. And the results of IL-1β-treated BMMSC were compared with control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with control group, the osteogenetic potential of IL-1β-treated BMMSC was enhanced, but the pro-osteogenic differentiation effect of IL-1β was remarkedly inhibited in the presence of NF-kB pathway inhibitor PDTC. The total ikBα level of IL-1β-treated BMMSC was lower (P<0.05), and phospho-iκBα (p-iκBα) level was higher (P<0.05). Besides, BMP-2 expression was higher (P<0.05) in the IL-1β-treated BMMSC, however, p-Smad1/5/8 protien level was not significantly different among IL-1β-treated for 1 d, 7 d and control groups (P<0.05). And the mRNA expression levels of IGF-1, EphB4 and OPG in BMMSC were up-regulated after IL-1β treatment (P<0.05). In addition, the osteoblastogenesis of BMMSC treated with IL-1β for 7 days was significantly different from those treated only for 1 day.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prolonging IL-1β treatment can enhance the osteogenetic differentiation of BMMSC more significantly. And this osteogenetic alteration of BMMSC occurs via its NF-κB pathway, but not via BMP-2/Smad pathway.</p>